Doglegged Staircase:
The staircase provides access to the various floors of the building. It consists of a series of steps(flight) with the landing at appropriate intervals. Each step consists of a tread and riser. Tread is a flat part that you step on and riser is a vertical part between each tread in the staircase.
Fig1
Components of the Staircase:-
Waist slab: Waist slab refers to a slab of the stair that is inclining from the floor slab to the landing slab.
Flight: The series of steps between floor and landing.
Landing: The level of floor between flight.
Step: The step consists of Riser and tread.
Tread: The tread is the flat part that you step on.
Riser: The riser is the vertical(up and down) part between each tread in the stairway.
Finding the volume of concrete required for construction of the staircase:
Important basics in the calculation:
Different shapes have different formulas for area:
The Area of rectangle = Length x BreadthArea of Triangle = 1/2 x Base x Height
For clear understanding, we are considering the below example of the doglegged staircase. Have a look at it. All the below-mentioned values in the calculation are considered from this image.
Steps in the calculation of the volume of concrete required for the staircase:
Each component of the staircase is individually calculated.
- Waist slab concrete volume
- Steps Concrete volume
- Landing area concrete volume
- Handrail concrete volume
1. Waist slab concrete volume:
The waist slab is an inclined slab. The length of the waist slab is determined by using the Pythagorean formula.
(Hypotenuse)2 = (Opposite)2 + (Adjacent)2
Hypotenuse = √[(Opposite)2 + (Adjacent)2]
Hypotenuse = √[(1.5)2 + (3.0)2]
From the above fig, The length of waist slab (x) = 3.35m
The Volume of concrete required for waist slab=
From the figure, Waist slab is in the shape of a rectangle.
The volume of concrete required for waist slab = Area of rectangle x Depth
= Length x Breadth x Depth
The Concrete volume required for waist slab = 3.35 x 1.20 x 0.15 = 0.603m3
No. of Waist slabs = 2
Total concrete volume of waist slab in staircase = 2 x 0.603 = 1.206m3
2. Steps concrete volume:
From fig: width of tread = 0.30m, height of riser = 0.15m , Length of tread = 1.20m, No. of steps = 20
Steps are in the shape of triangle, therefore
The Volume concrete required for each step = Area of triangle x Depth
Volume of each step = 1/2 x Base x Height x Depth
Volume of concrete for steps = 1/2 x b x h x d = 0.5 x 0.15 x 0.3 = 0.0225
No. of steps = 20
Total volume of concrete required for steps = 20 x 0.0225 = 0.54m3
3. Landing concrete volume:
Landing is in the shape of the rectangle
The volume of concrete required for Landing = Area of rectangle x depth
= Length x Breadth x Depth
= 2.50 x 1.20 x 0.15 = 0.45m3
4. Handrail concrete volume:
Hand rail is in the shape of a rectangle, therefore
The volume of concrete required for handrail = Area of rectangle x depth
= Length x Breadth x Depth
= 3.35 x 0.10x 0.8 = 0.268m3
No. of Hand Rail = 4
Total concrete volume required for hand rail = 4 x 0.268 = 1.07m3
Total concrete volume required for construction of above staircase = waist slab concrete volume + Steps concrete volume + Landing concrete volume + Handrail concrete volume
Total volume of concrete required for staircase = 1.206 + 0.54 + 0.45 + 1.07= 3.26m3
If you wanted to find amount of cement, sand and aggregate required for above concrete volume. Refer : Concrete Mix design
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